FREE ESSAY ON CANADA'S FORESTRY, FISHING, AND FARMING INDUSTRIES

CANADA'S FORESTRY, FISHING, AND FARMING INDUSTRIES

Canada is the second largest country in the world after Russia, and relies heavily on the
main three primary resources. The fishing industry is one of the primary industries in
Canada, which is concentrated on both the East and West Coast of Canada. The farming
industry is also a primary industry, which is concentrated primarily in the Prairie
Provinces. Lastly, forestry is a major industry in provinces like New Brunswick. In order
for Canada to have a strong economic future in these three primary resources,
conservation of the resources must take place.
The fishing industry is one of the primary industries in Canada, which is concentrated on
the East and the West Coast of Canada. Fishing is a major economic industry for the
Atlantic and Pacific provinces of Canada. Unfortunately there is a depletion of codfish
on the East Coast of Canada and there is a depletion of salmon on the West Coast of
Canada. There are various solutions that can take place to conserve the fish. In order
for Canada to prosper economically conservation of the fishes must take place. 
Fishing is a major economic industry for the Atlantic and Pacific provinces of Canada.
The main reason why fishing is a major industry is because of the plankton thrive that
exists in both the East and West Coast. In 1996 the landed value of the fish harvest was
$240 million and provided jobs for over 13, 000 harvesting workers and 
10, 000 fish processing workers in Newfoundland (www.greenpeace.org). On the West Coast
the total landed value of commercially caught salmon was between 1991 and 1994 which
averaged over $200 million annually, accounting for around half of the landed value of
the entire commercial fleet in British Columbia (www.bcsalmon.ca). The fish-processing
sector employs over 8,000 individuals during peak periods and generates a wholesale value
for salmon roughly double the landed value (www.bcsalmon.ca). Many small isolated
communities depend upon the fishery as an important source of economic activity. In order
for Canada to have a strong economic future, conservation of the fishes must take place.
There is a depletion of codfish on the East Coast and there is a depletion of salmon on
the West Coast of Canada. The major cause of decline is generally due to human activity
such as over-fishing. In 1992, Canada lowered the cod stocks for northern waters to a
ceiling of 120, 000 tonnes-a 35 % reduction-from the 185, 000 tonnes originally set
(www.american.edu). About 90% of the fish caught on the West Coast is salmon, which is
being depleted due to over-fishing. In order for Canada's economy to prosper, the
conservation of the fish must take place. 
There are numerous solutions that can take place to stop the depletion of the fishes in
Canada. There are already laws that are imposed like the quotas on cod fishing and the
200-mile law, which was created in 1977. Moreover people should not pollute the water in
any was such as putting harmful toxics like pesticides. In order for Canada to have a
strong economic future conservation of the fishes should take place.
Fishing is a major industry for both the Atlantic and the Pacific provinces of Canada.
Fishing is a major economic industry for both the East and the West Coast. However, the
depletion of codfish is occurring on the East Coast of Canada, and the depletion of
salmon is occurring on the West Coast of Canada. There are several solutions that are
laid out that must be done. In order for Canada to have a strong economic future, the
conservation of the fishes must take place. 
The farming industry is also a primary industry in Canada, which is concentrated in the
Prairie Provinces. Unlike fishing, farming is an economic factor for all the provinces.
There are some environmental concerns that are taking place such as soil erosion by water
and soil acidity. There are solutions that can take place to conserve the farmland. In
order for Canada to strive economically, conservation of the farmland must take place.
Farming is a major economic industry in almost all of Canada's provinces. The Central
Provinces produce about 40% of Canada's farm income (www.reg.agr.ca). In 1995, the
average farm family's annual income was $53, 435. In comparison, the average 
non-farm family's income in 1995 was $55, 247. The 1996 census reported that there were
276, 548 farms in Canada (www.cfa-fca.ca). In which 98% of the farms are family operated
businesses. In 1996 good crop yields, strong commodity prices and increased export demand
led to a record high of $28.3 billion in farm cash receipts. This is an increase of 5%
from the previous year (www.cfa-fca.ca). Due to the capital-intensive nature of the
industry, and the relatively high level of debt farmer's carry, even a small drop in
interest rates can result in substantial savings. A 1% drop in interest rates is
equivalent to an additional $270 million (www.cfa-fca.ca). In order for Canada to have a
strong economic future, conservation must take place. 
Farming has environmental issues that exist in all of the provinces in Canada. Only 5% of
Canada's vast terrain is suited to agriculture, and much of this area is threatened by
urbanization, soil degradation, or both (www.res.agr.ca). The main cause of the
degradation of Canada's agricultural soils is the move from small, low-mechanized mixed
farms to larger, highly mechanized farms. In British Columbia the mild climate permits a
thriving agriculture in the south; intensive farming on moist soils in the lower mainland
may cause loss of soil fertility, compaction, and agrochemical contamination of
groundwater. The high fertility of soils has made the Prairie Provinces very productive
for agriculture for more than 100 years, however soil quality may be reduced by wind and
water erosion, salinization, and local acidification. Since the 1950's, the number of
Prairie farms has decreased. In Saskatchewan, for example, the number of farms dropped
from 112, 000 in 1951 to 60, 000 today (www.res.agr.ca). More than 200 years of
agriculture in the Atlantic Provinces has resulted in serious soil degradation in some
areas of intense row cropping, seen in the loss of organic matter and fertility,
structural degradation, compaction, and erosion. In order for Canada to have a strong
economic background, conservation of the farmland must take place. 
There are solutions that can take place to prevent the land from eroding. To prevent soil
from eroding is by taking extra precautions. The use of herbicides and pesticides should
be stopped so the lakes can stop getting polluted by using an alternate method. In order
for Canada's future to prosper, the conservation of the land needs to take place.
The farming industry is one of the major industries in Canada. It creates jobs for people
and is a good family business. There are environmental concerns surrounding like soil
degradation. But there are solutions to these concerns by using alternatives for
chemicals that pollute. In order for Canada to have a strong economic future,
conservation of the farmland must take place.
As well, forestry is Canada's major industry that is concentrated in New Brunswick.
Forestry is the backbone of New Brunswick economy as it provides numerous jobs. There are
numerous reasons as to why there is the destruction of Canada's rainforest. There is a
solution to save the remaining trees in Canada. In order for Canada to have a strong
economic future, conservation of the forest must take place. 
Forestry is the backbone of New Brunswick economy. New Brunswick has more than six
million hectares of productive forestland (www.gov.nb.ca). Canada is the leading
newsprint industry in the world and main pulp and paper industry is based in New
Brunswick. Around the province nine pulp mills produce the basic ingredients for
newsprint, photographic paper, printing and writing papers, cardboard (for food
packaging), tissue, lightweight coated paper (often used for advertising flyers),
corrugated cardboard, particle and fiberboard. The province's four paper mills produce
newsprint, tissue and lightweight-coated paper. The annual production of these mills is
valued at more than $1.5 billion (www.gov.nb.ca). About 90% of all these products are
exported mainly to the United Sates, United Kingdom and Japan. New Brunswick produces 10%
of Canada's total wood pulp exports (www.gov.na.ca). The economies of 40 communities
depend almost totally on the forest, and 16, 000 people are employed in the industry
(www.gov.na.ca). The direct wages and salaries exceed $500 million each year for New
Brunswick (www.gov.nb.ca). Altogether, the forest industry accounts for about half of New
Brunswick's total exports, so clearly the economy of every region in this province is
enhanced by the forest industry. In order for Canada to have a strong economic future,
conservation of the forests must take place.
There is a destruction of the rain forests happening in Canada. Currently, forests cover
40% of Canada (www.gov.nb.ca). There is excessive logging that takes place like clear
cutting. Basically clear cutting is the removal of all trees in a block or strip. Human
activity causes more than ? of all forest fires, usually in areas that are accessible to
humans (www.k12.nf.ca). The depletion of forest is also occurring due to acid
precipitation. The chemical pollutants get mixed with the air and water vapor and trees
are burnt plus soil becomes too much acidic and the tress stop growing or die. Each year
insects and diseases such as fungus kill a lot of trees. In order for Canada to have a
strong economic future, conservation of the forests must take place.
There are numerous solutions laid out to save Canada's forests. The first method is by
Small Patch Clear Cutting. Clear 1-2 hectares of land, leave older trees around cleared
area; older trees provide shade for cleared site, logging debris left to decay and
nourish soil. The second method is by Shelterwood Logging. In this method remove 70 % of
trees, small patches of old trees are left to provide seeds for new trees
(www.gov.nb.ca). The third method is by seed tree retention. In this remove all trees
except those bearing seeds. The fourth and final method is by selective cutting. Harvest
only mature trees of a certain species, remove trees in small group. In order for Canada
to have a strong economic future, conservation of the forests must take place.
The forest industry is also a major industry in Canada, which is concentrated in the
province of New Brunswick. Forestry is the backbone of New Brunswick economy and provides
tremendous jobs. Canada's forests are declining due to human activities and natural
disaster. There are many solutions that can take place to save the forests. In order for
Canada to have a strong economic future, conservation of the forests must take place.
In order for Canada to have a strong economic future in theses three main primary
resources, conservation of the resources must take place. The fishing industry is one of
the primary industries in Canada, which is concentrated on both the East and West Coast
of Canada. The farming industry is also a primary industry, which is concentrated
primarily in the Prairie Provinces. Forestry is a major industry in a province like New
Brunswick. Thus, Canadians need to conserve their resources better if they want Canada to
have a strong economic future.